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Our Field Ecology Center published more than 180 methodical materials for nature studies. Some of them are in English:
Mobile educational application: Ecological Field Studies Techniques on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of North America: Songs and Calls Decoys on Play.Google WILD FLOWERS OF RUSSIA Field Identification Guide on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Russia on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Russia Songs, Calls and Voices on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Europe Songs, Calls and Voices on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Europe Songs, Calls and Voices on Play.Google
Mobile Educational Apps and Field Identification Guides for Russian, European and American Birds
Applications for Android and iOS are available at GooglePlay and AppStore

Please indicate our source ecosystema.ru if you publish these materials in the Internet.

Study of Birds' Nesting Life

© Alexsander S. Bogolyubov, Russia, 2001

© Michael J. Brody, USA, 2003

Study of birds' nesting lifeThis manual describes methods of observations of the nesting life of birds with the example of birds that settle in artificial nesting places. The manual reviews the organization of observations over the stages of nesting life, including: nest building, laying and incubation of eggs, hatching of nestlings, parents' care and feeding of nestlings.

This field study has instructional video featuring real students conducting the ecological field techniques in nature. Each video illustrates the primary instructional outcomes and the major steps in accomplishing the task including reporting the results.

Introduction

The nesting life of birds is one of the most fascinating topics for observation in nature. If a naturalist comes into the forest in May or June, he or she will have a lot of material even if observations are to be carried out in the same place every day.

Stationary observations are more preferable than route observations in this case. During the breeding period, each bird acts as though it is tied to the certain place, and if the observer has some experience, this will give an opportunity to learn birds gradually and observe some individuals in the course of several weeks, to keep an eye on the fate of their nests and broods. Using such methods, it is possible to reveal individual differences in birds' behavior and to determine the degree of their ecological plasticity.

This educational session provides for short-term, not long-term observations of one of the stages of the nesting life of birds - depending on the nesting stage when studies are carried out. It is recommended to organize observations of several nests of different bird species. The main task is to find nests that can be easily observed. As the search for nests of birds that nest in open spaces, especially Passeriformes, is quite laborious and highly-skilled work, so it is better to organize observations of birds' nests that are made in artificial nesting places, hung out on trees in the course of one of the previous lessons in the given series (spring, Lesson #1).

The plan and procedure for organizing studies depends on the nesting stage, when observations are to take place. This manual will start with a description of general rules for the organization of students' observations of birds' nests. Then it will review the different stages in birds' nesting life with specific procedures for organizing and registering observation data as well as procedures for material processing.

General information on the organization of nest observations

Birds live in a nesting place for about a month and a half, and their life is quite tense during this period. All stages in their nesting life - nest building, coupling, egg laying, egg incubation, and the feeding of nestlings - occur while surrounded by numerous enemies, which hunt not only for eggs and nestlings, but for the birds sitting in the nests. Each species of birds has its own enemies and methods of defense. Enemies of small forest birds, which are the most dangerous for them, include crows, magpies, jays, hawks as well as small animals such as marten, fox and snakes.

The presence of numerous enemies determines the different adaptations aimed at defending the birds themselves and their offspring. First, it is the construction of the nest in a relatively secluded and inaccessible place; second, different behavioral actions near the nest or nestlings, which are intended to be imperceptible, to trick the enemy or to take them away from the nest. While flying to the nest, birds always watch the situation and they usually perform evasive and decoy movements typical for each species. Nevertheless, surface and winged enemies annually destroy approximately 40% of all the nests.

The most important task for researchers in the course of arranging nest observations is not to disturb the delicate balance between birds and their enemies. Starting from this task, it is recommended to comply with the following rules in the course of studies according to the given theme in educational purposes: 1) Choose a common (abundant), not rare bird species in the area under study as objects for observations; 2) Do not choose a bird species that nest on the ground as the object of studies, (search for such nests usually ends up with the fact that the nest is simply stepped on; moreover, it is quite difficult to conduct observations of such nests); 3) While looking for nests, do not disturb the natural vegetation the vicinity of the nest; do not...

 

This was only the first page from the manual and its full version you can see in the

Our Paperback and eBooks on Amazon, Google Play and App Store

It is possible to purchase our books about nature investigation with students on Amazon.com:

"Investigating Nature Together" eBooks:

Amazon eBook Investigating Nature Together. Part 1: Autumn Amazon eBook Investigating Nature Together. Part 2: Winter Amazon eBook Investigating Nature Together. Part 3: Spring Amazon eBook Investigating Nature Together. Part 4: Summer

and Paperback: Autumn, Winter, Spring, Summer

and

"Field Studies Techniques" eBooks:

Amazon eBook Field Studies Techniques. Part 1: Geography and Landscape sciences Amazon eBook Field Studies Techniques. Part 2: Botany Amazon eBook Field Studies Techniques. Part 3: Zoology Amazon eBook Field Studies Techniques. Part 4: Hydrobiology and Water Ecology Amazon eBook Field Studies Techniques. Part 5: Bioindication and Nature Monitoring

and Paperback: Geography, Botany, Zoology, Hydrobiology, Bioindication


All these manuals you can also purchase in the form of applications for smartphones and tablets on Google Play and App Store
Mobile educational application Ecological Field Studies Techniques: Investigating Nature with Kids

 

Other Ecological Field Studies Instructive Manuals:

Autumn Season
Book on Amazon

  1. Orienteering in the Forest
  2. Procedure of the Geological Exposure Description
  3. Plotting a Profile of a River Valley Slope
  4. Simple Procedure of Soil Description
  5. Assessment of the Vital State of a Forest Based on Pine-tree Analysis
  6. Study of Species Composition and Number of Fungi
  7. Study of Species Composition and Census of Birds Using the Line Transect-counting Method
  8. Integrated Study Based on Landscape Profile
  9. Complex Environmental Assessment of Human Impact on an Area
  10. Assessment of Air Pollution by Lichen Indication Method

Winter Season
Book on Amazon

  1. Making a Campfire
  2. Simple "Eye" Survey of the Field Study Site
  3. Study of Growth Dynamics of Trees Based on Annual Rings
  4. Mapping Forest Vegetation
  5. Green Plants Under Snow
  6. Methods of Observation of a Chickadee Flock's Territorial Behavior
  7. Procedure of Winter Mammals Route Census by Footprints
  8. Study of Mammal Ecology According to Their Tracks
  9. Physical and Chemical Properties of Natural Waters
  10. Study of Snow Cover Profile

Spring Season
Book on Amazon

  1. Let's Help Birds!
  2. Study of the Ecology of Early Flowering Plants
  3. Phenology of Plant Florescence
  4. Assessment of the Vital State of Coniferous Underbrush
  5. Study of Forest Invertebrates (Part I: Forest Litter, Wood)
  6. Studies of Species Composition and Abundance of Amphibians
  7. Studying Minerals and Rocks in Your Area
  8. Studies of the Day Activity of Singing Birds
  9. Studies of Bird Populations Size by Different Methods
  10. Study of Fauna of Spring Temporary Water Bodies

Summer Season
Book on Amazon

  1. Making a Herbarium
  2. The Study of Plants in Your Local Environment
  3. Study of the Vertical Structure of a Forest
  4. Study of Forest Invertebrates (Part 2: Grass Layer, Tree Crowns and Air)
  5. Study of Birds' Nesting Life
  6. Complex Comparative Description of Small Rivers and Streams
  7. The Study of Water Invertebrates in a Local River and Assessment of Its Environmental State
  8. Study of Plankton
  9. Assessment of Ecological Features of Meadows on the Base of Vegetation Cover
  10. Assessment of Environmental State of the Forest Based on Leaves' Asymmetry


Our Field Ecology Center published more than 180 methodical materials for nature studies. Some of them are in English:
Mobile educational application: Ecological Field Studies Techniques on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of North America: Songs and Calls Decoys on Play.Google WILD FLOWERS OF RUSSIA Field Identification Guide on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Russia on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Russia Songs, Calls and Voices on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Europe Songs, Calls and Voices on Play.Google Mobile field guide Birds of Europe Songs, Calls and Voices on Play.Google
Mobile Educational Apps and Field Identification Guides for Russian, European and American Birds
Applications for Android and iOS are available at GooglePlay and AppStore

Recommend this page to your friends:

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© Ýêîëîãè÷åñêèé öåíòð "Ýêîñèñòåìà"™, À.Ñ. Áîãîëþáîâ / © Field Ecology Center "Ecosystem"™, Alexander Bogolyubov, 2001-2020